Underground Biohacking

MOTS-c dosing calculator

CompoundMOTS-c
mg
mL

1 mg = 1000 mcg.

Your syringe
Draw this much
0.0units

0.250 mL · 20,000 mcg/mL

5101520253010203025.0
0 units0.3 mL barrel, U-100 scale30 units
Doses per vial
8
Per unit
200 mcg
One vial lasts
8 days
Reference only · Not medical advice

Your draw

Vial40 mg
Water2 mL
Concentration20,000 mcg/mL
Dose5000 mcg
Draw25 units
Syringe0.3 mL, U-100

www.undergroundbiohacking.com · For tracking and calculation purposes only. Not medical advice.

For tracking and calculation purposes only. Not medical advice. Based on a standard U-100 insulin syringe.

How the units are worked out

Your vial holds a fixed amount of peptide. The water you add sets the concentration (how much peptide sits in each millilitre). The concentration then decides how much liquid carries your dose.

Three steps, in order:

  1. Concentration (mcg/mL) = peptide in the vial (mcg) divided by water added (mL).
  2. Volume (mL) = your dose (mcg) divided by the concentration (mcg/mL).
  3. Units to draw = volume (mL) multiplied by 100.

That last step is the syringe, not the peptide. A U-100 insulin syringe is marked so 100 units hold 1 mL, so 0.1 mL reads as 10 units.

A worked example

These are the numbers in the calculator above, worked through: 40 mg + 2 mL = 20,000 mcg/mL. 5000 mcg = 0.25 mL = 25 units on a 0.3 mL syringe.

Change any number in the tool and this line changes with it. The link in your address bar carries the numbers, so you can save it or send it to yourself.

Water and units at a glance

The same dose of MOTS-c at different mixes. Every row opens the calculator on that mix.

VialWaterConcentrationUnits to draw
40 mg1 mL40,000 mcg/mL12.5 units
40 mg2 mL20,000 mcg/mL25 units
40 mg3 mL13,333 mcg/mL37.5 units
40 mg5 mL8,000 mcg/mL62.5 units
10 mg1 mL10,000 mcg/mL50 units
10 mg2 mL5,000 mcg/mL100 units
10 mg3 mL3,333 mcg/mL150 units
10 mg5 mL2,000 mcg/mL250 units

Pre-filled numbers are the most-used setups reported by users of public calculators (WPA dosing data, Aug 2026). Not a recommendation.

Mixing and storage

Run the water down the inside wall of the vial and let the powder dissolve on its own. Never shake it. Label the vial with the compound, the total mass, the water you added, the concentration and the date. A sealed freeze-dried vial keeps 12 to 24 months in the fridge at 2 to 8°C. Once mixed with preserved water, such as bacteriostatic water, that drops to roughly 28 days refrigerated. Keep it at the back of the fridge, away from light and away from the door's temperature swings.

Other compounds

Questions

How much MOTS-c should you take per day?
MOTS-c is not a daily peptide, and there is no clinically established dose. The research-use figure most often quoted is 5 to 10mg per injection, two or three times a week. That number comes from user practice, not from a trial. The first human dosing study only began in 2026 and has not reported.
How long is a MOTS-c cycle?
The common research-use pattern is 8 to 12 weeks on, then 4 to 8 weeks off. No study has tested that schedule. The Phase 2a human trial now running uses 12 weeks of continuous dosing, then a 4-week safety follow-up.
Is MOTS-c FDA approved?
No. The FDA has not approved MOTS-c for any use. On its own compounding pages the FDA states it has found no human exposure data for MOTS-c by any route of administration.
Does MOTS-c work if you already exercise?
Nobody knows. Exercise raises the MOTS-c your body makes on its own. In mice, injected MOTS-c raised exercise capacity without any training. Reviewers describe exercise and injected MOTS-c as sharing some pathways and differing on others. The combination has never been tested in people.
What are the side effects of MOTS-c?
There is no human side-effect record, because no trial has reported one. The Phase 2a study now running is collecting exactly that data and does not finish until 2027. In animals the clearest measured effect is lower blood sugar, so that is the first thing to watch.
Does MOTS-c help you lose weight?
In mice it did. MOTS-c stopped a high-fat diet causing obesity, and it switched on heat-producing brown fat. No human weight result has been published. The trial now running lists body weight among the measures it is tracking.

References

  1. 01Lee C, Zeng J, Drew BG, et al. (2015). The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance. Cell Metabolism. PMID: 25738459. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.009.
  2. 02Reynolds JC, Lai RW, Woodhead JST, et al. (2021). MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis. Nature Communications. PMID: 33473109. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20790-0.
  3. 03Kim KH, Son JM, Benayoun BA, Lee C. (2018). The mitochondrial-encoded peptide MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus to regulate nuclear gene expression in response to metabolic stress. Cell Metabolism. PMID: 29983246. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.06.008.
  4. 04Zempo H, Kim SJ, Fuku N, et al. (2021). A pro-diabetogenic mtDNA polymorphism in the mitochondrial-derived peptide, MOTS-c. Aging. PMID: 33468709. DOI: 10.18632/aging.202529.
  5. 05Lu H, Tang S, Xue C, et al. (2019). Mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c increases adipose thermogenic activation to promote cold adaptation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. PMID: 31109005. DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102456.
  6. 06Yin Y, Pan Y, He J, et al. (2021). The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c relieves hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus. Pharmacological Research. PMID: 34798268. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105987.
  7. 07Woodhead JST, Merry TL. (2021). Mitochondrial-derived peptides and exercise. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects. PMID: 34520826. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.130011.
  8. 08Zheng Y, Wei Z, Wang T. (2023). MOTS-c: a promising mitochondrial-derived peptide for therapeutic exploitation. Frontiers in Endocrinology. PMID: 36761202. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1120533.
  9. 09Mohtashami Z, Singh MK, Salimiaghdam N, et al. (2022). MOTS-c, the most recent mitochondrial derived peptide in human aging and age-related diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. PMID: 36233287. DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911991.
  10. 10Lee C, Kim KH, Cohen P. (2016). MOTS-c: a novel mitochondrial-derived peptide regulating muscle and fat metabolism. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. PMID: 27216708. DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.05.015.
Chris Hallewell, founder of Underground Biohacking

By , Founder, Underground Biohacking

Last reviewed

The numbers here describe your own vial. They are not medical advice and not a dose suggestion. Confirm your protocol with a qualified clinician.

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